Wound healing is a dynamic and complex biologic process that could be accelerated by growth factors. To investigate the efficacy of topical recombinant human acidic fibroblast growth factor (rh‐aFGF) treatment in deep partial‐thickness burn or skin graft donor sites, we designed a randomized, multicenter, double‐blind, and placebo‐controlled clinical trial. The healing rate, fully healed rate, and healing time were evaluated to assess the efficacy of rh‐aFGF application. Laboratory examinations and abnormal signs were used to assess the side and toxic effects. The results showed that the healing rate of burn wounds and skin graft donor sites treated by rh‐aFGF was significantly higher than that by placebo, and the mean healed time of burn wounds and skin graft donor sites in the rh‐aFGF group was significantly the shorter than that in the placebo group. In conclusion, topical administration of rh‐aFGF can accelerate the wound healing process and shorten the healed time. It is a potential therapeutic application for promoting healing of deep partial‐thickness burns or skin graft donor sites.