Localization of signaling is critical in directing cellular outcomes, especially in pleiotropic
signaling pathways. The extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/microtubule-associated
protein kinase, which promotes cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation is found in the
nucleus and throughout the cytoplasm. Recently, it has been shown that nuclear
translocation of ERK is required for transcriptional changes and cell proliferation. However,
the cellular consequences, of cytoplasmic signaling have not been defined. We explored …